The House Finance Committee heard testimony Tuesday on a bill that would make Alaska the last state in the nation to license respiratory therapists, a gap sponsors say leaves patients vulnerable and health facilities struggling to recruit qualified staff.

Alaska is the only U.S. state without professional licensure for respiratory therapists, who provide critical care for patients from premature infants in neonatal units to trauma victims requiring mechanical ventilation. The lack of oversight means anyone claiming to be a respiratory therapist needs only a college certificate, not a state license, and there is no agency to enforce quality standards or continuing education requirements.

Representative Carolyn Hall, who sponsored HB 362 as a House Labor and Commerce Committee bill, told the Finance Committee that the state's outlier status creates disadvantages. "Alaska has RTs, but we are the only state in the United States that does not license respiratory therapists," Hall said.

Without licensure, Hall explained, health care facilities must depend on voluntary certification that lacks the administrative oversight backed by law. "Anyone claiming to be an RT in Alaska only needs a college program certificate, not a license," she said. "Health care facilities must depend on voluntary certification, which lacks the administrative oversight structure backed by the force of law that a statutory licensure program provides."

Hall said the current system exposes patients to risk. "In contrast, Alaska's current system lacks a formal license, leaving patient care vulnerable to unqualified providers such as those who have lost their licenses in other states," she said.

The bill would establish a non-boarded licensing program through the Division of Corporations, Business and Professional Licensing, with all administrative costs covered by licensing fees paid by respiratory therapists themselves. The fiscal note projects startup costs of $46,100 in fiscal year 2027 and $41,600 in subsequent years, with no impact on the state's general fund.

Angela Euler, a registered respiratory therapist and president of the Alaska Society for Respiratory Care, testified that between 200 and 250 respiratory therapists currently practice in Alaska. She described the profession's role across the full spectrum of care, from newborns to critically ill adults.

"Currently, Alaska is the only state that does not require professional licensure for respiratory therapists," Euler said. "House Bill 362 is an important step toward ensuring consistent standards for education, competency, accountability, and professional oversight."

The bill includes a grandfather clause allowing current certified practitioners to continue working for up to one year while obtaining licensure. Sylvan Robb, director of the Division of Corporations, Business and Professional Licensing, told the committee that licensing fees would likely range between $100 and $325 for a two-year period, based on similar professions the division regulates.